Difference between revisions of "Meta:Terminology"
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| − | *'''Phonology''' deals with the sounds that make up a language. | + | *'''{{ID|Phonology}}''' deals with the sounds that make up a language. |
| − | *'''Morphology''' deals with the forms words can take in a language. | + | *'''{{ID|Morphology}}''' deals with the forms words can take in a language. |
| − | **'''Inflection''' is modifying a word in a way that doesn't change its basic meaning. | + | **'''{{ID|Inflection}}''' is modifying a word in a way that doesn't change its basic meaning. |
***''word'' → ''words'' | ***''word'' → ''words'' | ||
***''red'' → ''redder'', ''reddest'' | ***''red'' → ''redder'', ''reddest'' | ||
***''walk'' → ''walked'', ''walks'', ''walking'' | ***''walk'' → ''walked'', ''walks'', ''walking'' | ||
***''fall'' → (has) ''fallen'' | ***''fall'' → (has) ''fallen'' | ||
| − | **'''Derivational Morphology''' is modifying a word in a way that changes its meaning, and often the category of word it is. | + | **'''{{ID|DerivationalMorphology|Derivational Morphology}}''' is modifying a word in a way that changes its meaning, and often the category of word it is. |
***''agree''(v) → ''disagree''(v), ''agreement''(n), ''agreeable''(a) | ***''agree''(v) → ''disagree''(v), ''agreement''(n), ''agreeable''(a) | ||
***''burglar''(n) → ''ex-burglar''(n), ''burglary''(n), ''burglarize''(v), ''burglarious''(a) | ***''burglar''(n) → ''ex-burglar''(n), ''burglary''(n), ''burglarize''(v), ''burglarious''(a) | ||
***''equal''(a) → ''unequal''(a), ''equalize''(v), ''equality''(n), ''equally''(a) | ***''equal''(a) → ''unequal''(a), ''equalize''(v), ''equality''(n), ''equally''(a) | ||
| − | *'''Syntax''' is how words are put together to form sentences. | + | *'''{{ID|Syntax}}''' is how words are put together to form sentences. |
**Basic English form is SVO, which stands for Subject Verb Object. SOV, VSO, VOS, OSV and OVS are all possible, with SOV being the most common, SVO next, and on through the list to OVS being the least common | **Basic English form is SVO, which stands for Subject Verb Object. SOV, VSO, VOS, OSV and OVS are all possible, with SOV being the most common, SVO next, and on through the list to OVS being the least common | ||
***SOV: Alice Oz imagines. (Korean, Turkish, Tamil, Yoda from ''Star Wars'') | ***SOV: Alice Oz imagines. (Korean, Turkish, Tamil, Yoda from ''Star Wars'') | ||
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***OVS: Oz imagines Alice. (Warao) | ***OVS: Oz imagines Alice. (Warao) | ||
| − | *'''Semantics''' is about the meaning of words. | + | *'''{{ID|Semantics}}''' is about the meaning of words. |
| − | **'''Semantic Fields''' are groupings of words based on their shared meanings, such as ''dig'' being related to ''mine'' and ''shovel'', but also being related to ''understand'' in some types of slang. (Can you dig it?) | + | **'''{{ID|SemanticFields|Semantic Fields}}''' are groupings of words based on their shared meanings, such as ''dig'' being related to ''mine'' and ''shovel'', but also being related to ''understand'' in some types of slang. (Can you dig it?) |
| − | *'''Pragmatics''' is how context contributes to meaning. | + | *'''{{ID|Pragmatics}}''' is how context contributes to meaning. |
**The meaning of "It's a grave, can you dig it?" is entirely dependant on the context in which it's asked! | **The meaning of "It's a grave, can you dig it?" is entirely dependant on the context in which it's asked! | ||
| − | *'''Lexicon''' is a listing of words that make up a language, not unlike a dictionary. | + | *'''{{ID|Lexicon}}''' is a listing of words that make up a language, not unlike a dictionary. |
Revision as of 00:04, 15 March 2017
- Phonology deals with the sounds that make up a language.
- Morphology deals with the forms words can take in a language.
- Inflection is modifying a word in a way that doesn't change its basic meaning.
- word → words
- red → redder, reddest
- walk → walked, walks, walking
- fall → (has) fallen
- Derivational Morphology is modifying a word in a way that changes its meaning, and often the category of word it is.
- agree(v) → disagree(v), agreement(n), agreeable(a)
- burglar(n) → ex-burglar(n), burglary(n), burglarize(v), burglarious(a)
- equal(a) → unequal(a), equalize(v), equality(n), equally(a)
- Inflection is modifying a word in a way that doesn't change its basic meaning.
- Syntax is how words are put together to form sentences.
- Basic English form is SVO, which stands for Subject Verb Object. SOV, VSO, VOS, OSV and OVS are all possible, with SOV being the most common, SVO next, and on through the list to OVS being the least common
- SOV: Alice Oz imagines. (Korean, Turkish, Tamil, Yoda from Star Wars)
- SVO: Alice imagines Oz. (English, Chinese, Swahili)
- VSO: Imagines Alice Oz. (Classical Arabic, Hawaiian, Welsh)
- VOS: Imagines Oz Alice. (Malagasy, Fijian)
- OSV: Oz Alice imagines. (Hixkaryana)
- OVS: Oz imagines Alice. (Warao)
- Basic English form is SVO, which stands for Subject Verb Object. SOV, VSO, VOS, OSV and OVS are all possible, with SOV being the most common, SVO next, and on through the list to OVS being the least common
- Semantics is about the meaning of words.
- Semantic Fields are groupings of words based on their shared meanings, such as dig being related to mine and shovel, but also being related to understand in some types of slang. (Can you dig it?)
- Pragmatics is how context contributes to meaning.
- The meaning of "It's a grave, can you dig it?" is entirely dependant on the context in which it's asked!
- Lexicon is a listing of words that make up a language, not unlike a dictionary.
